$Who Earns What

How much does a astronomer make?

US Astronomers

Answer: A typical astronomer in the United States makes $128,820 a year (median, May 2025, US Bureau of Labor Statistics).

Yearly pay of a typical person doing this job in the US
$128,820

Line up 100 people; this is the one in the middle (median). about 2,000 people work in this job. Well above the US-wide typical pay ($50,980).

Lower earner
$78,010
10th from the bottom of 100
Typical person
$128,820
Right in the middle (median)
Higher earner
$195,190
10th from the top of 100

If 100 people had this job

Lowest at bottom-left, highest at top-right

Hover over a person to see their yearly pay

49 of 100
not many

Astronomer pay in the United States (May 2025, median and spread)

Astronomer pay in the United States (May 2025, median and spread) — Data: US BLS OEWS, May 2025
Lower earner (10th from bottom)Typical person (median)Higher earner (10th from top)People in this job
$78,010$128,820$195,190about 2,000
States where astronomers earn the most (median, May 2025)
StateTypical person (median)People in this job
Maryland$132,620about 980

Why does pay differ?

In the United States, pay can differ with experience, education and skills, employer (such as a university, lab, or federal agency), location, specialty, and responsibility. Some observing is at night; astronomers need no general work license, and fame is not a usual pay factor.

What if you lived in a different state?

Pay varies a lot by state in the US
Whole US$128,820
Maryland$132,620
Arizona$129,020
Virginia$128,930
California$123,540
Hawaii$102,000

Top 5 and bottom 3 states, typical (median) yearly pay.

What does a astronomer do?

Observe, research, and interpret astronomical phenomena to increase basic knowledge or apply such information to practical problems.

What's a typical day like?

Most astronomers spend much of the day at a computer, analyzing telescope data or building models, and meet with colleagues to discuss results. They may teach or write papers; observers sometimes work through the night at a telescope.

How to get this job

In the U.S., study math and science, earn a physics or astronomy degree, then usually a Ph.D.; some programs have qualifying exams, but no general license is needed. Many do a 2–3-year postdoc and start job-hunting in their late 20s.

Graduate degree or long training (preparation level 5 of 5)

Good for people who like figuring things out and building and doing.

Did you know?

Astronomers usually study telescope data on computers—not by peering through an eyepiece; in most cases, modern instruments aren't made for that.

Similar jobs

Jobs using similar skills (O*NET)

Earn more in the same field

Life, Physical, and Social Science jobs that pay a bit more

Sources and data

Source: US Bureau of Labor Statistics, OEWS May 2025 (bls.gov); descriptions and related jobs from O*NET 31.0. Figures as of May 2025, full-time yearly pay (hourly × 2,080 hours). bls.gov/oes · O*NET OnLine

Pages used for the text

Data: US BLS OEWS, May 2025 · 1 USD = 150 JPY