$Who Earns What

How much does a substitute teacher make?

US Substitute Teachers, Short-Term

Answer: A typical substitute teacher in the United States makes $41,670 a year (median, May 2025, US Bureau of Labor Statistics).

Yearly pay of a typical person doing this job in the US
$41,670

Line up 100 people; this is the one in the middle (median). about 525,000 people work in this job. About the same as the US-wide typical pay ($50,980).

Lower earner
$28,560
10th from the bottom of 100
Typical person
$41,670
Right in the middle (median)
Higher earner
$65,790
10th from the top of 100

If 100 people had this job

Lowest at bottom-left, highest at top-right

Hover over a person to see their yearly pay

55 of 100
more than half

Substitute teacher pay in the United States (May 2025, median and spread)

Substitute teacher pay in the United States (May 2025, median and spread) — Data: US BLS OEWS, May 2025
Lower earner (10th from bottom)Typical person (median)Higher earner (10th from top)People in this job
$28,560$41,670$65,790about 525,000
States where substitute teachers earn the most (median, May 2025)
StateTypical person (median)People in this job
Alaska$66,920about 1,000
California$60,300about 116,000
Hawaii$58,530about 4,000
Oregon$58,280about 8,000
Washington$55,740about 15,000

Why does pay differ?

In the United States, pay can differ by state and school district. Some districts set different rates for a full teaching credential than for a substitute permit, and pay can change for longer assignments. Hours or days worked also affect total earnings.

What if you lived in a different state?

Pay varies a lot by state in the US
Whole US$41,670
Alaska$66,920
California$60,300
Hawaii$58,530
Oregon$58,280
Washington$55,740
Nevada$24,960
Oklahoma$23,770
Mississippi$22,340

Top 5 and bottom 3 states, typical (median) yearly pay.

What does a substitute teacher do?

Teach students on a short-term basis as a temporary replacement for a regular classroom teacher, typically using the regular teacher’s lesson plan. Excludes long-term substitute teachers who perform all the duties of a regular teacher; these teachers are coded within the 25-1000 or 25-2000 minor groups.

What's a typical day like?

A substitute checks the teacher’s lesson plan, takes attendance, and hands out work. They answer questions, keep the class on track, and may supervise students at lunch or recess.

How to get this job

In the U.S., requirements vary by state: Illinois requires an associate degree or 60 college credits for its short-term license. One Wisconsin permit path requires an associate degree, approved training, a state application, and any required fingerprints.

Usually a bachelor's degree (preparation level 4 of 5)

Good for people who like helping and teaching and keeping things organized.

Did you know?

In Wisconsin, a short-term substitute permit can be valid for three years, but it lets you cover one specific assignment for no more than 45 days.

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Sources and data

Source: US Bureau of Labor Statistics, OEWS May 2025 (bls.gov); descriptions and related jobs from O*NET 31.0. Figures as of May 2025, full-time yearly pay (hourly × 2,080 hours). bls.gov/oes · O*NET OnLine

Pages used for the text

Data: US BLS OEWS, May 2025 · 1 USD = 150 JPY